台灣人學英文,似乎有不少「性別 」問題,she/he或her/him口說時經常會搞混。這類問題,似乎不斷地練習成效也不大。到底要練多久、怎麼練,才能講對?
明明懂規則,卻不能一出口就對,原因很簡單,因為你的腦子裡還沒有住一個「英文警察」,這位「英文警察」能在你的she/he脫口而出的時候,先幫你做"grammar check"(文法檢查)。
請一個「英文警察」住在腦子裡並不難。你可以這麼做:
在一周的時間裡,每次用英文講到人稱she或he時,你稍微停一下,想了再講,讓「英文警察」起作用。教學經驗告訴我們,經過50-120次停頓經驗,你開始對人稱性別有意識,之後犯錯的機率低於10%,漸漸它就變成你的語言慣性。「英文警察」起初會讓你覺得自己英文流暢感(fluency)變差,沒有關係,那是正確流暢以前的窒澀期,是必要過程,很快就過去。假如一整個星期都沒有機會講英文,就假想一個情境自己練。
儘管He和she對了,也還會有一個問題,就是談話中充斥著he or she,表達很冗贅,要避免冗句,請熟讀以下句子:
→以複數解決
每個部門員工都應穿著合宜。
(錯)A department employee should make sure they dress appropriately.
(差)A department employee should make sure he or she dresses appropriately.
(好)Department employees should make sure they dress appropriately.
→以句型解決
一個謹慎的主管應該知道錢到底花到哪裡去了。
(差)The prudent executive needs to know where his money goes.
(好)As a prudent executive, you need to know where your money goes.
→複數與句型一併解決
如主管於周三前交出報告,周五前就會收到修正版。
(差)If the manager files his or her report by Wednesday, he or she will have the revised copy returned to him or her on Friday.
(好)Managers who file their reports on Wednesday will have a revised copy returned to them by Friday.
→刪除法
不要以性別或人種當作判斷依據。
(差)Don't judge someone simply on the basis of his sex or color.
(好)Don't judge someone simply on the basis of sex or color.
(好)Don't judge people simply on the basis of sex or color.